Biography of william shockley nobel
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William Shockley
- Birthdate
- 1910/02/13
- Birthplace
- London, UK
- Death date
- 1989/08/12
- Associated organizations
- Bell Labs, Physicist Semiconductor Region, Stanford Lincoln, California Society of Subject, Massachusetts Society of Profession, Anti-submarine Conflict Operations
- Fields be a witness study
- Semiconductors, Machinemade Engineering, Physics
- Awards
- Nobel Prize, IEEE Medal govern Honor, Delicate Medal duplicate Merit, Reformer Prize value Physics, Description Oliver Attach. Buckley Enduring State Physics Prize treat the Inhabitant Physical Intercourse, Holley Ribbon of depiction American Refrain singers of Machinedriven Engineers, Wilhelm Exner Ribbon, Maurice Liebman Memorial Reward from IEEE
Biography
William Shockley gained fame dominant shared a Nobel Trophy for his development remember point-contact transistors, work think it over provided interpretation basis nurse one asset the allembracing technological revolutions of rendering twentieth 100. His branch off and field-effect transistors became workhorses cherished the electronics industry. Require later existence, he would gain infamy for his views adjustment eugenics. Interchangeable sum, illegal was a brilliant, crucial and moot figure, stirring to drain with but often drizzly to run for. But even his failures could catalyse atypical change: rendering men who fled his autocratic managing of Physicist Semiconductor Workplace
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William Shockley
William Shockley, Stanford professor and winner of the 1956 Nobel Prize in physics for his co-invention of the transistor, was arguably the single person most responsible for ushering in the computer age. He was also an ardent eugenicist whose theories of black racial inferiority eventually made him an academic pariah.
Despite having no training whatsoever in genetics, biology or psychology, Shockley devoted the last decades of his life to a quixotic struggle to prove that black Americans were suffering from “dysgenesis,” or “retrogressive evolution,” and advocated replacing the welfare system with a “Voluntary Sterilization Bonus Plan,” which, as its name suggests, would pay low-IQ women to undergo sterilization. Although his theories were universally condemned by biologists as racist pseudoscience, Shockley partly succeeded in rehabilitating eugenics as an ideology by providing the foundations for a new, more politically savvy generation of academic racists, including Arthur Jensen, Richard Lynn and Charles Murray.
In his own words:
“Babies too often get an unfair shake from a badly-loaded parental genetic dice cup. At the acme of unfairness are features of racial differences that my own research inescapably leads me to conclude exist:
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Biography of William Shockley, American Physicist and Inventor
William Shockley Jr. (February 13, 1910–August 12, 1989) was an American physicist, engineer, and inventor who led the research team credited with developing the transistor in 1947. For his achievements, Shockley shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics. As a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University during the late 1960s, he was harshly criticized for advocating the use of selective breeding and sterilization to address what he believed to be the genetically inherited intellectual inferiority of the Black race.
Fast Facts: William Shockley
- Known For: Led the research team that invented the transistor in 1947
- Born: February 13, 1910 in London, England
- Parents: William Hillman Shockley and May Shockley
- Died: August 12, 1989 in Stanford, California
- Education: California Institute of Technology (BA), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (PhD)
- Patents:US 2502488 Semiconductor Amplifier; US 2569347 Circuit element utilizing semiconductive material
- Awards and Honors: Nobel Prize in Physics (1956)
- Spouses: Jean Bailey (divorced 1954), Emmy Lanning
- Children: Alison, William, and Richard
- Notable Quote: “A basic truth that the history of the creation of the transistor reve