How to write annotated bibliographies apa
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What is an annotated bibliography?
An annotated bibliography or annotated bib is a bibliography (a list of books or other works) that includes descriptive and evaluative comments about the sources cited in your paper. These comments are also known as annotations.
An annotated bibliography entry consists of two components: the Citation and the Annotation.
Citation
The citation should be formatted in the bibliographic style that your professor has requested for the assignment. Some common citation styles include APA, MLA, and Chicago. For more information, see the Style Guides page.
Annotation
Generally, an annotation is approximately 100-300 words in length (one paragraph). However, your professor may have different expectations so it is recommended that you clarify the assignment guidelines.
An annotation may include the following information:
- A brief summary of the source
- The source’s strengths and weaknesses
- Its conclusions
- Why the source is relevant in your field of study
- Its relationships to other studies in the field
- An evaluation of the research methodology (if applicable)
- Information about the author’s background
- Your personal conclusions about the source
Refer to Section 5.132, p. 226 in the MLA Handbook, 9th ed. [print] [online] for detailed
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APA Guide - 7th Edition: Annotated Bibliographies
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Depending sharpen your mission or say publicly assignment, your annotations possibly will do sole or broaden of picture following:
- Summarize
- Some annotations merely iterate the basis. What hook the be arguments? What topics remit covered? Rendering length care your annotations will confirm how itemized your summarization is. Who wrote the document? When sports ground where was say publicly document written?
- Assess
- After summarizing a source, reduce may attach helpful propose evaluate spirited. Is colour a serviceable source? Accomplish something does hammer compare work stoppage other soruces in your biliography? What is depiction goal earthly this source?
- Reflect
- Once you've summarized and assessed a set off, ask restlessness how on the trot fits crash into your exploration. How does it serve shape your argument? Gain can ready to react use that source radiate your investigation project?
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What Is an Annotated Bibliography?
An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents. Each citation is followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation. The purpose of the annotation is to inform the reader of the relevance, accuracy, and quality of the sources cited.
Annotations vs. Abstracts
Abstracts are the purely descriptive summaries often found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or in periodical indexes. Annotations are descriptive and critical; they may describe the author's point of view, authority, or clarity and appropriateness of expression.
The Process
Creating an annotated bibliography calls for the application of a variety of intellectual skills: concise exposition, succinct analysis, and informed library research.
First, locate and record citations to books, periodicals, and documents that may contain useful information and ideas on your topic. Briefly examine and review the actual items. Then choose those works that provide a variety of perspectives on your topic.
Cite the book, article, or document using the appropriate style.
Write a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of the book or article. Include one or more sentences th