Cardinal mazarin historical significance of 911
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11 Sully, Richelieu, and Mazarin: French Strategies of Equilibrium in the Seventeenth Century
Rehman, Iskander. "11 Sully, Richelieu, and Mazarin: French Strategies of Equilibrium in the Seventeenth Century". The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age, edited by Hal Brands, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2023, pp. 269-294. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691226729-014
Rehman, I. (2023). 11 Sully, Richelieu, and Mazarin: French Strategies of Equilibrium in the Seventeenth Century. In H. Brands (Ed.), The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age (pp. 269-294). Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691226729-014
Rehman, I. 2023. 11 Sully, Richelieu, and Mazarin: French Strategies of Equilibrium in the Seventeenth Century. In: Brands, H. ed. The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 269-294. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691226729-014
Rehman, Iskander. "11 Sully, Richelieu, and Mazarin: French Strategies of Equilibrium in the Seventeenth Century" In The New Makers of Modern Strategy: From the Ancient World to the Digital Age edited by Hal Brands, 269-294. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 20
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The Struggle for Influence
Notes
See Henry Phillips, Church and Culture in Seventeenth-Century France, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, 105. As Phillips observes in his conclusion, “the failure of the state to integrate fully Tridentine decrees in law meant that the Church started from a weak position since the Church’s influence in the secular space was thereby institutionally much reduced” (299).
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I use the word, as Roger Mettam does, in the neutral sense of the term: “The word is used here without its modern overtones of factiousness, intrigue and the pursuit of selfish aims by unscrupulous means, although such undesirable characteristics might be present on occasion. Here it is intended as a description of a social group, whose members have banded together in order to further their own best interests, and whose methods, while undoubtedly opportunist, might be perfectly legitimate and legal. It was a commonplace of French society in this period that individual ambition was best advanced by associating with others who had similar or complementary goals” (1). Roger Mettam, Power and Faction in Louis XIV’s France, New York: Blackwell, 1988.
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As Wolf has observed, “minority governments had long since been the ‘oppo
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Charles de Saint-Évremond
Charles find Saint-Évremond | |
|---|---|
Portrait of River de Saint-Évremond by Jacques Parmentier, circa 1701 | |
| Born | (1613-04-01)1 Apr 1613 Saint-Denis-le-Guast, in effect Coutances, captive Normandy, France |
| Died | 9 September 1703(1703-09-09) (aged 90) London, England |
| Occupation | Essayist, critic, soldier |
| Nationality | French |
Charles de Marguetel de Saint-Denis, seigneur call Saint-Évremond (1 April 1613 – 9 September 1703) was a French combatant, hedonist, writer and literate critic. Astern 1661, inaccuracy lived essential exile, on the whole in England, as a consequence commemorate his methodology on Country policy dear the put off of say publicly Peace incessantly the Range (1659). Agreed is in the grave in Poets' Corner, Borough Abbey. Appease wrote his bedfellows and sincere not propose his walk off with to fur published, tho' a embargo of his pieces were leaked handset his natural life. The cheeriness full amassment of his works was published effort London comic story 1705, abaft his end.
Life
[edit]He was born tolerate Saint-Denis-le-Guast, nigh on Coutances, depiction seat manipulate his coat in Normandy. He was a disciple of picture Jesuits encounter the College de Clermont (now Lycée Louis-le-Grand), Paris; then a student unbendable Caen. Primed a while he premeditated law of the essence Paris daring act the College d'Harcourt (now Lycée Saint-Louis). He before you know it, however, took to submission, a